GeekRadar / The comparison desk
COMPARE.
CPU
Intel

Intel Core i5-3330S

Processor

CPU cores
4
CPU threads
4
Maximum boost clock
3.2 GHz
Thermal design power
65 W

Graphics & compute benchmarks

Archived cohort medians

GFXBench, GLBenchmark and CompuBench results retain the tested system, API, operating system and resolution. Offscreen tests fix the render resolution; onscreen results also reflect the display workload. These historical submissions do not establish performance in current games.

Bitcoin MiningOS X / OpenCL / compute · mHash/s

Higher is better.

Intel Core i5-3330S

4.68* mHash/s

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

Host configuration not reported.

4.69* mHash/s

Apple iMac (21.5-inch, Late 2012)

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

Bitcoin MiningWindows / OpenCL / compute · mHash/s

Higher is better.

Intel Core i5-3330S

4.22* mHash/s

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU with Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

Face DetectionOS X / OpenCL / compute · mPixels/s

Higher is better.

Intel Core i5-3330S

2.79* mPixels/s

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

Host configuration not reported.

2.77* mPixels/s

Apple iMac (21.5-inch, Late 2012)

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

Face DetectionWindows / OpenCL / compute · mPixels/s

Higher is better.

Intel Core i5-3330S

8.76* mPixels/s

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU with Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

Ocean Surface SimulationOS X / OpenCL / compute · fps

Higher is better.

Intel Core i5-3330S

67.97* fps

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

Host configuration not reported.

68.33* fps

Apple iMac (21.5-inch, Late 2012)

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

Ocean Surface SimulationWindows / OpenCL / compute · fps

Higher is better.

Intel Core i5-3330S

7.89* fps

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU with Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

Particle Simulation - 64kOS X / OpenCL / compute · mInteraction/s

Higher is better.

Intel Core i5-3330S

27.81* mInteraction/s

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

Host configuration not reported.

27.80* mInteraction/s

Apple iMac (21.5-inch, Late 2012)

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

Particle Simulation - 64kWindows / OpenCL / compute · mInteraction/s

Higher is better.

Intel Core i5-3330S

28.79* mInteraction/s

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU with Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

T-RexOS X / OpenCL / compute · fps

Higher is better.

Intel Core i5-3330S

0.36* fps

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

Host configuration not reported.

0.36* fps

Apple iMac (21.5-inch, Late 2012)

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

T-RexWindows / OpenCL / compute · fps

Higher is better.

Intel Core i5-3330S

0.32* fps

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU with Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

TV-L1 Optical FlowOS X / OpenCL / compute · mPixels/s

Higher is better.

Intel Core i5-3330S

1.08* mPixels/s

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

Host configuration not reported.

1.10* mPixels/s

Apple iMac (21.5-inch, Late 2012)

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

TV-L1 Optical FlowWindows / OpenCL / compute · mPixels/s

Higher is better.

Intel Core i5-3330S

0.34* mPixels/s

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU with Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

Video CompositionOS X / OpenCL / compute · fps

Higher is better.

Intel Core i5-3330S

1.57* fps

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

Host configuration not reported.

1.58* fps

Apple iMac (21.5-inch, Late 2012)

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

Video CompositionWindows / OpenCL / compute · fps

Higher is better.

Intel Core i5-3330S

2.01* fps

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU with Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller

Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3330S CPU

Median results, not the best run. Sample counts and individual test dates are unreported. Different systems using the same GPU remain separate configurations.

Benchmark results

  • PassMark · version unreported · cpuMark3,810*Platform unreported Compare results
  • PassMark · version unreported · threadMark1,691*Platform unreported Compare results
  • PassMark CPU Mark · version unreported · CPU Mark3,863* pointsPlatform unreported Compare results
  • Reported score · version unreported · mark5,677*Platform unreported Compare results

Processing & platform

CPU cores
4
Graphics
Intel® HD Graphics 2500*
CPU threads
4
Base clock
2.7 GHz
Turbo Boost 2.0 frequency
3.2 GHz*
Integrated GPU base frequency
650 MHz*
Integrated GPU maximum dynamic frequency
1,050 MHz*
Maximum supported memory bandwidth
25.60 GB/s*
Reported CPU clock
2.7 GHz*
Maximum boost clock
3.2 GHz
Architecture
Ivy Bridge*
Socket / package
FCLGA1155
Process node
22 nm
Reported chip die area
133 mm²*
Chip/package TDP
77 W*

Cache hierarchy

  • Smart Cache / shared
    Level
    Smart Cache
    Scope
    shared
    Size
    6 MB
  • Reported cache*
    Size
    6 MB*
    Level
    Reported cache (level unstated)*
    Scope
    Intel® Smart Cache*

Memory & storage

Memory channels
2
Video memory type
DDR3 1333/1600*

Supported memory

  • DDR3 1333/1600*

CPU memory support

  • DDR3-1333
    Variant / details
    Manufacturer CPU memory-controller support; system and module configuration may limit operation.
    Technology
    DDR3
    Transfer rate
    1,333 MT/s
  • DDR3-1600
    Variant / details
    Manufacturer CPU memory-controller support; system and module configuration may limit operation.
    Technology
    DDR3
    Transfer rate
    1,600 MT/s

Power specifications

Thermal design power
65 W

System configuration

Detailed specifications

Specifications 1 · 35 fields
Product Collection
Legacy Intel® Core™ Processors*
Processor Base Frequency
2.7* GHz
Max Turbo Frequency
3.2* GHz
Cache
6 MB SmartCache*
Bus Speed
5 GT/s DMI*
TDP
65* W
Embedded Options Available
No*
Conflict Free
Yes*
Max Memory Size
32* GB
Memory Types
DDR3 1333/1600*
Max nb of Memory Channels
2*
Vertical Segment
Desktop*
Max Memory Bandwidth
25.6* GB/s
ECC Memory Supported
No*
Graphics Base Frequency
650* MHz
Graphics Max Dynamic Frequency
1.05* GHz
Processor Number
i5-3330S*
PCI Express Revision
3*
PCI Express Configurations
up to 1x16, 2x8, 1x8 & 2x4*
T
69.1°C*
Intel Hyper Threading Technology
No*
Intel Virtualization Technology VTx
Yes*
Intel 64
Yes*
Status
End of Life*
Instruction Set
64-bit*
Instruction Set Extensions
SSE4.1/4.2, AVX*
Idle States
Yes*
Thermal Monitoring Technologies
Yes*
Secure Key
Yes*
Execute Disable Bit
Yes*
Launch Date
Q3'12*
Lithography
22* nm
Recommended Customer Price
$182.00*
nb of Cores
4*
nb of Threads
4*
Specifications 2 · 60 fields
AESTech
Yes*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
AntiTheftTechnology
Yes*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
BornOnDate
Q3'12*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
Bus
5 GT/s*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
Cache
6 MB Intel® Smart Cache*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
ClockSpeed
2.70 GHz*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
ClockSpeedMax
3.20 GHz*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
CodeNameText
Products formerly Ivy Bridge*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
CoreCount
4*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
CpuId
65510*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
CpuName
Intel® Core™ i5-3330S Processor*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
CVTHD
Yes*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
ECCMemory
No*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
EM64
Yes*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
Embedded
No*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
ESUDate
Tuesday. December 31. 2019*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
ExecuteDisable
Yes*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
ExtendedPageTables
Yes*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
FDI
Yes*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
GraphicsDeviceId
0x152*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
GraphicsFreq
650 MHz*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
GraphicsMaxFreq
1.05 GHz*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
HaltState
Yes*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
HyperThreading
No*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
IdentityProtectionTechVersion
Yes*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
InstructionSet
64-bit*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
InstructionSetExtensions
Intel® SSE4.1. Intel® SSE4.2. Intel® AVX*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
InTru3D
Yes*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
Lithography
22 nm*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
MarketSegment
Desktop*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
MaxCPUs
1*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
MaxMem
32 GB*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
MaxMemoryBandwidth
25.6 GB/s*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
MaxTDP
65 W*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
MemoryTypes
DDR3 1333/1600*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
MyWiFiTech
Yes*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
NumDisplaysSupported
3*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
NumMemoryChannels
2*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
PackageSize
37.5mm x 37.5mm*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
PCIExpressConfigs
up to 1x16. 2x8. 1x8 & 2x4*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
PCIExpressRevision
3.0*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
ProcessorGraphicsModelId
Intel® HD Graphics 2500*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
ProcessorNumber
i5-3330S*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
ProductGroup
Legacy Intel® Core™ Processors*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
QuickSyncVideo
Yes*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
SecureKeyTechVersion
Yes*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
ServicingStatus
End of Servicing Lifetime*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
SocketsSupported
FCLGA1155*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
SpeedstepTechnology
Yes*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
StatusCodeText
Discontinued*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
TBTVersion
2.0*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
TCase
69.1°C*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
ThermalMonitoring2Indicator
Yes*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
ThermalSolutionSpecification
2011C*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
ThreadCount
4*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
TransactionalSynchronizationExtensionVersion
No*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
TurboBoostTech2MaxFreq
3.20 GHz*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
TXT
No*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
VTD
Yes*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
VTX
Yes*
Scope and conditions
native_context
member
intel-cpus.csv*
row
766*
Specifications 3 · 7 fields
Processor
Intel Core i5-3330S Processor*
Status
Discontinued*
Release Date
Q3'12*
Cores
4*
Max Turbo Speed
3.2* GHz
Base Speed
2.7* GHz
Cache Size
6* MB
Specifications 4 · 12 fields
name
Intel Core i5-3330S @ 2.70GHz*
cores
4*
logicals
1*
samples
305*
price
199.95*
tdp
65*
date
2012-01-01*
socket
LGA1155*
category
Desktop*
speed
2,700*
turbo
3,200*
cpuCount
1*
Specifications 5 · 2 fields
brand
Intel*
name
Intel Core i5-3330S @ 2.70GHz*
Specifications 6 · 9 fields
Foundry
Intel*
Vendor
Intel*
Product
Intel Core i5-3330S*
Type
CPU*
Release Date
2012-09-03*
Process Size (nm)
22* nm
TDP (W)
77* W
Die Size (mm^2)
133* mm²
Freq (MHz)
2,700* MHz
Specifications 7 · 20 fields
turbo frequency
3,200*
cache size
6,144*
tdp
65*
socket
FCLGA1155*
memory type
DDR3 1333/1600*
cores
4*
manufacturer Processor benchmark result
intel*
vertical segment
Desktop*
max memory size
33,554,432*
status
Discontinued*
max temp
69.1*
package size
37.5mm x 37.5mm*
threads
4*
name
Intel Core i5-3330S*
rating Processor benchmark result
3,863*
processor number
i5-3330S*
launch date
2012-08-01*
lithography
22*
bus speed
5*
base frequency
2,700*
Specifications 8 · 11 fields
ClockSpeed
2.7* GHz
Cache
6 MB Intel® Smart Cache*
Bus
5 GT/s*
MaxTDP
65* W
BornOnDate
Q3'12*
Model
Intel® Core™ i5-3330S Processor*
MarketSegment
Desktop*
Lithography
22* nm
CoreCount
4*
ThreadCount
4*
ClockSpeedMax
3.2* GHz
Specifications 9 · 57 fields
Intel® AES New Instructions
Yes*
Intel® Trusted Execution Technology ‡
No*
Execute Disable Bit ‡
Yes*
Intel® Virtualization Technology (VT-x) ‡
Yes*
Intel® Virtualization Technology for Directed I/O (VT-d) ‡
Yes*
Intel® VT-x with Extended Page Tables (EPT) ‡
Yes*
Secure Key
Yes*
Anti-Theft Technology
Yes*
Total Cores
4*
Total Threads
4*
Processor Base Frequency
2.7* GHz
Cache
6.0* MB
Scope and conditions
source_native_row_context
Cache description
Intel® Smart Cache*
Original declaration
6 MB Intel® Smart Cache*
Bus Speed
5* GT/s
TDP
65* W
Max Turbo Frequency
3.2* GHz
Intel® Turbo Boost Technology 2.0 Frequency‡
3.2* GHz
Marketing Status
Discontinued*
Launch Date
Q3'12*
Servicing Status
End of Servicing Lifetime*
End of Servicing Updates Date
Tuesday | December 31 | 2019*
Embedded Options Available
No*
Max Memory Size (dependent on memory type)
32* GB
Memory Types
DDR3 1333/1600*
Max # of Memory Channels
2*
Max Memory Bandwidth
25.6* GB/s
ECC Memory Supported ‡
No*
GPU Name‡
Intel® HD Graphics 2500*
Graphics Base Frequency
650* MHz
Graphics Max Dynamic Frequency
1.05* GHz
Product Collection
Legacy Intel® Core™ Processors*
Intel® Quick Sync Video
Yes*
Intel® InTru™ 3D Technology
Yes*
Intel® Flexible Display Interface (Intel® FDI)
Yes*
Intel® Clear Video HD Technology
Yes*
# of Displays Supported ‡
3*
Device ID
0x152*
Vertical Segment
Desktop*
Processor Number
i5-3330S*
PCI Express Revision
3.0*
PCI Express Configurations ‡
up to 1x16 | 2x8 | 1x8 & 2x4*
Sockets Supported
FCLGA1155*
Max CPU Configuration
1*
TCASE
69.1* °C
Lithography
22* nm
Package Size
37.5mm x 37.5mm*
Thermal Solution Specification
2011C*
Intel® Turbo Boost Technology ‡
2.0*
Intel® Hyper-Threading Technology ‡
No*
Intel® 64 ‡
Yes*
Instruction Set
64-bit*
Instruction Set Extensions
Intel® SSE4.1 | Intel® SSE4.2 | Intel® AVX*
Idle States
Yes*
Enhanced Intel SpeedStep® Technology
Yes*
Thermal Monitoring Technologies
Yes*
Intel® TSX-NI
No*
Intel® My WiFi Technology
Yes*
Intel® Identity Protection Technology ‡
Yes*
Specifications 10 · 11 fields
name
Intel Core i5-3330S @ 2.70GHz*
socket
LGA1155*
category
Desktop*
price
$96.00*
mark
5,677*
value
59.14*
single thread
1,653*
single thread value
17.23*
tdp
65*
powerperf
87*
testdate
Jan 2012*
Specifications 11 · 8 fields
microarchitecture
Ivy Bridge*
Scope and conditions
source_native_row_context
category
cpu*
original_product_name
Intel Core i5-3330S*
catalogue_reference
Intel Core i5-3330S*
identity_scope
source-exact-processor-name*
dataset_date
2025-07-23*
scope
Historical publisher declaration. Missing or conflicting observations remain unverified; no benchmark or tested performance inferred.*
boost clock
3.2* GHz
Scope and conditions
source_native_row_context
category
cpu*
original_product_name
Intel Core i5-3330S*
catalogue_reference
Intel Core i5-3330S*
identity_scope
source-exact-processor-name*
dataset_date
2025-07-23*
scope
Historical publisher declaration. Missing or conflicting observations remain unverified; no benchmark or tested performance inferred.*
Reported core clock
2.7* GHz
Scope and conditions
source_native_row_context
category
cpu*
original_product_name
Intel Core i5-3330S*
catalogue_reference
Intel Core i5-3330S*
identity_scope
source-exact-processor-name*
dataset_date
2025-07-23*
scope
Source calls this core clock; it is not relabelled as base, sustained or gaming clock.*
core count
4*
Scope and conditions
source_native_row_context
category
cpu*
original_product_name
Intel Core i5-3330S*
catalogue_reference
Intel Core i5-3330S*
identity_scope
source-exact-processor-name*
dataset_date
2025-07-23*
scope
Historical publisher declaration. Missing or conflicting observations remain unverified; no benchmark or tested performance inferred.*
Historical listing price (dataset 2025-07-23)
amount
149.94*
currency
USD*
dataset_date
2025-07-23*
scope
Historical listing observation; retailer, stock and current availability unknown*
USD
Scope and conditions
source_native_row_context
category
cpu*
original_product_name
Intel Core i5-3330S*
catalogue_reference
Intel Core i5-3330S*
identity_scope
source-exact-processor-name*
dataset_date
2025-07-23*
scope
Historical publisher declaration. Missing or conflicting observations remain unverified; no benchmark or tested performance inferred.*
graphics
Intel HD Graphics 2500*
Scope and conditions
source_native_row_context
category
cpu*
original_product_name
Intel Core i5-3330S*
catalogue_reference
Intel Core i5-3330S*
identity_scope
source-exact-processor-name*
dataset_date
2025-07-23*
scope
Historical publisher declaration. Missing or conflicting observations remain unverified; no benchmark or tested performance inferred.*
name
Intel Core i5-3330S*
Scope and conditions
source_native_row_context
category
cpu*
original_product_name
Intel Core i5-3330S*
catalogue_reference
Intel Core i5-3330S*
identity_scope
source-exact-processor-name*
dataset_date
2025-07-23*
scope
Historical publisher declaration. Missing or conflicting observations remain unverified; no benchmark or tested performance inferred.*
tdp
65* W
Scope and conditions
source_native_row_context
category
cpu*
original_product_name
Intel Core i5-3330S*
catalogue_reference
Intel Core i5-3330S*
identity_scope
source-exact-processor-name*
dataset_date
2025-07-23*
scope
Historical publisher declaration. Missing or conflicting observations remain unverified; no benchmark or tested performance inferred.*
Specifications 12 · 12 fields
cpuName
Intel Core i5-3330S @ 2.70GHz*
Scope and conditions
benchmark_context
suite
PassMark*
test_configuration_verified
No*
comparable
No*
testDate
2,012*
Scope and conditions
benchmark_context
suite
PassMark*
test_configuration_verified
No*
comparable
No*
socket
LGA1155*
Scope and conditions
benchmark_context
suite
PassMark*
test_configuration_verified
No*
comparable
No*
category
Desktop*
Scope and conditions
benchmark_context
suite
PassMark*
test_configuration_verified
No*
comparable
No*
price
199.95*
Scope and conditions
benchmark_context
suite
PassMark*
test_configuration_verified
No*
comparable
No*
cpuMark
3,810*
Scope and conditions
benchmark_context
suite
PassMark*
test_configuration_verified
No*
comparable
No*
cpuValue
19.05*
Scope and conditions
benchmark_context
suite
PassMark*
test_configuration_verified
No*
comparable
No*
threadMark
1,691*
Scope and conditions
benchmark_context
suite
PassMark*
test_configuration_verified
No*
comparable
No*
threadValue
8.46*
Scope and conditions
benchmark_context
suite
PassMark*
test_configuration_verified
No*
comparable
No*
TDP
65*
Scope and conditions
benchmark_context
suite
PassMark*
test_configuration_verified
No*
comparable
No*
powerPerf
58.61*
Scope and conditions
benchmark_context
suite
PassMark*
test_configuration_verified
No*
comparable
No*
cores
4*
Scope and conditions
benchmark_context
suite
PassMark*
test_configuration_verified
No*
comparable
No*

* Provisional data